CCWH Newsletter - Spring 2004
Message from the Chair:
Dear Members,
This year has been an exciting year for the Canadian Committee Of Women's History. I have focused my attention on two areas. The first was inspired by the conclusions of last year's chair. In the last newsletter Sharon Myers posed questions about the purpose of this organization. As such, I formed a sub-committee to look in to ways to revive the CCWH and suggest some future directions for the organization. I was delighted with the response. The discussion was held on our list so that all the members could participate. In general, most of the members still feel very positively about the organization and no one felt that our organization was redundant. In fact, there were many responses which reinforced how important this group is, and how for them, the meetings and collegiality have been very reassuring. But, there is much work to be done especially when it comes to welcoming young scholars. It was suggested that at the CHA meetings we could have sessions on mentoring graduate students and new members of the profession. Others expressed concerns about trying to balance family obligations with professional careers. Another issue raised by some of the members is about inclusion in the profession of women of colour and minority women. One commented that as an organization, and even as a profession we are still "white, white, white ." It is no doubt time to act upon this obvious lack of diversity. The letters posted to the list served as a reminder that our organization still has an important role to play. We are still vibrant and necessary and we still have lots of work to do. I look forward to helping introduce some of these suggested directions over the next few years.
Another one of my endeavours over the year was in trying to increase our membership enrollments. The paperwork for this is still being compiled but hopefully by the time of the annual meeting I will be able to announce a slight increase in our membership.
As a post-doctoral fellow, I wish to thank my departmental home this year. The Department of History at the University of Saskatchewan was very helpful and supportive of my extra work for the CCWH. As well I would like to thank the Dean of Arts, Professor Ken Coates who donated $500 to the CCWH and the President's office which also donated $500.
It is with pleasure that I turn this over to the new chair Francoise Noel. I enjoyed working with her this year, as well as with the regional representatives. I hope to continue to work on behalf of the CCWH over the next few years to implement some of the very good suggestions made by our members. I look forward to seeing everyone in Winnipeg at the annual meeting and especially at our dinner.
Myra Rutherdale
Chair
Reports from Regional and Other Representatives
Graduate Students' Report
The 2003-4 year has been very busy in Winnipeg . There have been a number of events including a Joint Graduate Student/Faculty Colloquium series, our annual graduate student conference “The Fort Garry Lectures in History,” and a speakers' series for the Interdisciplinary Research Circle in Globalization and Cosmopolitanism entitled “Locating the 1960s.” As well as hosting distinguished speakers such as Franca Iacovetta and Tim Brooke, these and other events allowed both students and faculty from the universities in Winnipeg and elsewhere to describe their research. Adele Perry, Tier II Canadian Research Chair in Western History, sponsored a one-day colloquium called “Germs, Selves, Rules: The Gendered body, State and Colonialism in Western! and Northern Canada , in which Kathryn McPherson, Myra Rutherdale, Mona Gleason and others addressed current academic interests in gender, youth, health and imperialism in Canada . And of course, the history departments here are looking forward to the Congress of Social Sciences and Humanities which will be held at the University of Manitoba from May 29 to June 6, 2004 .
Mary Jane McCallum
University of Manitoba
mary_jane_m@hotmail.com
The Atlantic Region
In October of 2003, the University of New Brunswick and St. Thomas University jointly hosted a very well received symposium on the teaching of women's history at Atlantic Canadian universities. Over 50 people attended the session, which was audio and video recorded. The panellists ( Frances Early (in absentia) Margaret Conrad, Linda Kealey, Sheila Andrews, Gillian Thompson, Shirely Tillotson, and Phillis Leblanc) discussed their experiences in teaching some of the first women's history courses in the region. These ranged from the early 1970s ( Mount Saint Vincent University in Halifax ) through to the early 1990s (Universite de Moncton). Contributions will appear as a “forum” in a forthcoming issue of Acadiensis: Journal of the History of the Atlantic Region . A second symposium on the same subject, organised by Leigh Whaley and Gillian Poulter, and hosted by the Department of History and Classics at Acadia University , will take place on October 1, 2004 .
Mount Allison observed International Women's Week this year with several events, including a two-day campus visit with social activist Muriel Duckworth, a Women's Wellness Forum, and an evening program with presentations and discussions about sexual assault, domestic violence and midwifery.
The Women's Studies Program at Mount Allison is advertising for a new tenure-track position this spring. Sheila Andrews of St. Thomas University retires at the end of this academic year. Dr. Michael Dawson will be offering courses in Canadian Women's History at St. Thomas in the future. During the year2004-2005, Shirley Tillotson will serve a term as the Associate Dean of the Faculty Arts and Sciences at Dalhousie University .
Kathryn Hilder recently completed the Inventory to the Loyalist Collection at UNB. Margaret Conrad is presently working with the Electronic Text Centre at UNB on developing the Atlantic Canada Virtual Archives of primary sources relating to family history. One of the collections to be posted on the site are the McQueen Family Letters, which chronicle in great detail the activities and relationships between members of a Pictou County family (these letters were the primary source of information for Jean Barman's book, entitled Sojourning Sisters (UofT Press, 2003), which explored the relationship between Eastern Canada and the settlement of the West through the lives of two of the McQueen sisters). Margaret Conrad is also involved in developing an Atlantic Canada Portal ( http://atlanticportal.hil.unb.ca ) designed to support research on the history and culture of Atlantic Canada.
Linda Kealey went on a lecture tour of Austria/Germany in May 2003. She has presented a number of papers on issues relating to gender and health over the past year, and she published a chapter in the Blackwell Companion to Gender History, entitled “ North America , 1750 to World War I: North of the 49 th Parallel.” Kealey continues to work as the Co-editor of Atlantis: A Women's Studies Journal . Shirley Tillotson is in the process of completing a book manuscript on charitable fundraising and the origins of the welfare state,1919-1960 . Leigh Whaley published her book, Women's History as Science: A Guide to the Debates , with ABC-CLIO in 2003, and is presently working on a new book tentatively entitled, A History of European Women in Medicine .
Congratulations are due to Beverly Lemire, who was inducted as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in November, 2003, and to Heather Molyneaux, PhD student in History at UNB, won the Margaret MacMillan Pratt Graduate Fellowship in the Arts, awarded by the Canadian Federation of the University of Women .
Lisa Chilton
University of Prince Edward Island
lchilton@upei.ca
Quebec Region
In 2003-2004, the Quebec section held three meetings at three universities:
In April 2003, Magda Fahrni and Ellen Jacobs organized a meeting at the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM) to discuss the topic of biography as a tool in women's history. In October 2003, Denyse Baillargeon, Susan Dalton and Eve-Marie Lampron (M.A. student) organized a meeting at the Université de Montréal (UdM) to discuss the feminist play Les fées ont soif (“The fairies are thirsty”), by Denise Boucher (1978). In January 2004, Andrée Lévesque organized a meeting at McGill University on the participation of women historians in the media. Josée Boileau, a journalist working for the daily newspaper Le Devoir , came to meet the members of the committee on this subject.
There are many events to report for the past year. First of all, Karine Hébert was appointed to the post of professor at the department of social sciences at the Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQÀR).
In the field of the history of women, Micheline Dumont and Louise Toupin's anthology, La pensée féministe au Québec (“The Feminist Thought in Quebec”) by was published this year (éditions du remue-ménage, 2003). Lucie Piché's book Femmes et changement social au Québec. La contribution de la Jeunesse ouvrière catholique féminine, 1931-1966 (“Women and Social Change in Quebec . The role of the Jeunesse ouvrière catholique féminine”) was also published (Presses de l'Université Laval, 2003). Sylvie Frigon published L'homicide conjugal au féminin ( éditions du remue-ménage, 2003), a study examining the problem of women killing their husbands, from a judicial and a historical perspective. Finally, in France, Éliane Gubin, Catherine Jacques, Florence Rochefort, Brigitte Studer, Françoise Thébaud et Michelle Zancarini-Fournel published Le siècle des féminismes , (« The century of feminisms », éditions de l'Atelier, 2003). The book contains two chapters written by women's historians from Québec : « Militer », by Andrée Lévesque and « L'accès des Québécoises à l'éducation et à la mixité », by Micheline Dumont.
Joan Sangster ( Trent University ), the holder of the Seagram chair in 2002-2003 ( McGill University ), organized a one-day colloquium titled “Women and Work After World War II/Le travail des femmes dans l'après-guerre” ( March 22, 2003 ). It was held in collaboration with the McGill Institute for the Study of Canada and the Center for Research and Teaching on Women. There were many participants who took part, including Magda Fahrni (UQÀM) and Elyse Detellier (M.A. student, UdM).
Future events
Conference: Feminism and the Making of Canada / Le féminisme et le façonnement du Canada, May 7-9, 2004 in Thompson House, on the campus of McGill University . The conference will be organized by Magda Fahrni of the Université du Québec à Montréal, Suzanne Morton of McGill University and Joan Sangster of Trent University . To learn more about the program, including conferences about family, nation, biography, etc., please visit the following web site:
< http://www.trentu.ca/frostcentre/feminism/>
At the annual one-day conference titled May Day 2004: I n the street / Premier Mai 2004: Dans la rue , the Montreal History Group is proud to include a panel on “Women, children & the Streets of Montreal”, presenting talks by Mary Anne Poutanen, Bettina Bradbury and Tamara Myers.
A special issue of the Revue d'histoire de l'Amérique française that deals with gender, is in preparation. It will be under the direction of Denyse Baillargeon with Ollivier Hubert as an invited editor.
Summer 2004: Denyse Baillargeon's new book on the experiment of maternity in Montreal between 1945 and 1970, will be published.
Amélie Bourbeau,
Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM)
amelie.bourbeau@courrier.uqam.ca
Ontario Region
The Ontario Women's History Network/Le Réseau d'histoire des femmes en Ontario (OWHN/RHFO) , (http://www.oise.utoronto.ca/cwse/owhn.html) seeks to stimulate the study and further the knowledge of Women's History in Ontario . The first of their twice yearly conferences was held April 7, 2003 at the University of Toronto ' Hart House. It featured a panel discussion on Women and Canadian Immigration Issues, with keynote speakers, Franca Iacovetta and Marlene Epp. In the fall, OWHN members met in Kingston for a conference devoted to “Body and Soul: Women and Health Care in Historical Perspective”. Besides inspiring talks on a diverse range of health related topics, from Wendy Mitchinson, Tina Bates, Myra Rutherford, Jane Errington and many more, visitors were treated to either a tour either the University of Queen's archives or the Ann Baillie Building. The latter houses the Museum of Health Care and is a former nurses' residence which has been recently designated a national historic site.
OWHN/RHFO co-sponsored, with Green Dragon Press, the production of a new women's history poster each year following the theme designated by Status of Women Canada. This year's poster features Rosemary Brown, famed human rights activist, feminist and legislator. To purchase posters or to become a member of OWHN/RHFO, please contact: Green Dragon Press, 135 George St. S., #902 , Toronto M5A 4E8 , (416) 360-6006, Fax: (416) 360-6788. Website: http://www.sympatico.ca/equity.greendragonpress .
The Margaret M Allemang Centre for the History of Nursing held its annual general meeting at the offices of the Registered Nurses Association of Ontario on University Avenue in Toronto . At the same time Cathy Crowe, activist and street nurses spoke on “Taking the Pulse of the Homeless and Prescribing the Solution.”
Coming up at the Canadian Museum of Civilization and Parks Canada
The Canadian Nursing History Collection (CNHC) is a rich and unique special repository of over fifteen-hundred artifacts available at the Canadian Museum of Civilization, National Archives and the Canadian War Museum . See their special portal to the catalogue at http://www.vmnf.civilization.ca/hist/infirm . In June 2005 a major exhibition on the history of nursing in Canada as well as an edited collection of essays will be launched at the Canadian Museum of Civilization in 2005. Eventually the exhibit will travel across Canada .
Also look for a series of virtual 3D tours of six women's history sites, which make up part of the family of National Historic Sites (Parks Canada). Part of an initiative sponsored by the federal department of heritage, it will feature sites and themes in women's history such as education, health, work, technology and immigration. Also, soon to be launched will be a women's history webpage, hosted by ParksCanada.ca which will highlight designations related to women' history, and encourage readers to consider making a nomination themselves of a person, place, event they think merits national recognition.
Dianne Dodd
Parks Canada
dianne.dodd@pc.gc.ca
The Prairie Region
Several women historians in the West have accomplished and been recognized for many positive things in the last year.
At the University of Alberta , Dr. Pat Prestwich, professor of French history and a member of the department for over thirty years, was selected as Woman of the Year by the Academic Women's Association of the University of Alberta . The AWA award recognized Dr. Prestwich's long involvement in issues of particular importance to women at the University of Alberta . Dr. Prestwich was instrumental in introducing women's history and feminism into the B.A. curriculum, beginning with her introduction of the first course in women's history at the university in 1974. Along with other colleagues, Dr. Prestwich pressed for the founding of the Women's Studies Program in 1987 and she served as chair between 1989 and 1992. In addition, she was active in the fight for pay equity and to hire more women faculty members at the university in the 1970s and 1980s.
Sarah Carter, Professor of History, University of Calgary, has been awarded a two-year Killam Research Fellowship for the project "Great Plains Women of Canada and the U.S.,1862-1930 : Comparisons, Connections and Discontinuites." A recent publication outlining some of the dimensions of this project is "Transnational Perspectives on the History of Great Plains Women: Gender, Race, Nations and the Forty-ninth Parallel." _The American Review of Canadian Studies_, winter 2003: 565-596. As a result of the Killam the department will be seeking a two year limited term position, Jan. 2005- Dec. 2006 in Post-Confederation Canadian history with a specialization in women's and gender history. Knowledge of the Canadian West, Aboriginal history and post-colonial history is strongly desired. For details on this contact Dr. David B. Marshall, Head, Department of History, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W., Calgary Alberta.
Molly Rozum, Doane College , Nebraska is spending the 2003-04 academic year in the University of Calgary Department of History as Thomas O. Enders Fellow. She is working on the book that has developed from her dissertation "Grasslands Grown: A Twentieth-Century Sense of Place on North America 's Northern Prairies and Plains." ( University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , 2001). The purpose of the Enders Fellowship is to encourage advanced scholarship in Canada- U.S. relations.
Charlene Porsild, Director of Library and Archives, Montana Historical Society Library, Helena , Montana was also a visiting scholar in the U of C Department of History in March. She gave two excellent talks: "Women and the Gold Rush Experience in the North American West," and "Northern Borderlands: The Next Historical Frontier?"
Elizabeth Jameson (Chair of American Studies) was appointed chair of U fo C's history department's graduate studies committee beginning Jan., 2004.
The University of Lethbridge has hired four women historians in the last two years. Sheila McManus and Carol Williams both began tenure track appointments at the University of Lethbridge in the summer of 2003. Sheila is teaching Canadian history in the History Department and Carol is teaching in Women's Studies. Carol's first book, Framing the West: Race, Gender, and the Photographic Frontier in the Pacific Northwest was published by Oxford in late 2003. Sheila's first book, 'The Line Which Separates': Making the Alberta-Montana Borderlands in the Late Nineteenth Century, is being published by the University of Nebraska Press in the spring of 2005. In the spring, the History Department hired its third and fourth women members in tenure track appointments effective July 2004; Lynn Kennedy (PhD, Western University) be teaching American History while Janay Nugent (PhD in progress, Guelph) will be teaching British, European and Family History.
Heidi MacDonald
University of Lethbridge
heidi.macdonald@uleth.ca
British Columbia
Cheryl Warsh ( Malaspina University College ) has co-edited with Veronica Strong-Boag a collection on children's health for the Wilfrid Laurier University History of Childhood series entitled, Children's Health: International Historical Perspectives. The book includes chapters by Mona Gleason, Myra Rutherdale, Denyse Baillargeon, Cynthia Comacchio, Laurence Monnais-Rousselot, Sharon Richardson, Anne-Emanuelle Birn as well as contributors from the United States , Australia and Switzerland . Cheryl has a chapter coming out in James Moran and David Wright's Mental Health and Canadian Society: Historical Perspectives from McGill-Queens University Press. It is entitled "The Case for Chaos: Menstruation, Menopause and the Poverty of Linear Psychiatric and Medical Models." Along with Wendy Mitchinson, Marli Weiner, and Judith Leavitt, Cheryl will be on a panel on women's health at the next American Historical Association in Seattle , January 2005, co-sponsored by the Canadian Historical Association.
The Canadian Bulletin of Medical History, edited by Cheryl, is soliciting articles and/or research notes for a special issue on women's health . The submissions can be in either English or French, and on any geographical region or temporal period.
At the University of British Columbia, Jean Barman is chairing the chairing the Jensen-Darlis Miller Prize Committee of the Coalition for Western Women's History for the best article published in 2003 on women or gender in the trans-Mississippi West. For information on article submission, see http://www.westernwomenshistory.org/ . Jean continues to publish prolifically – a list of her most journal recent publications include: “ ‘Vancouver's First Playwright': Constance Lindsay Skinner and The Birthright ,” BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly 137 (Spring 2003), 47-61; “Biographies in the Teaching of History,” Canadian Issues , Autumn 2003; “Unpacking English Gentlemen Emigrants' Cultural Baggage: Apple orchards and private schools in British Columbia's Okanagan Valley,” British Journal of Canadian Studies , Autumn 2003; “Encounter,” Beaver 84: 1 (February/March 2004): 51-2; “Encounters with Sexuality: The Management of Inappropriate Body Behaviour in Late-Nineteenth Century British Schools ,” Historical Studies in Education 16, 1 (Spring 2004). She also has a number of monographs on there way to various presses and for release, including Maria Mahoi of the Islands ( Vancouver : New Star, spring 2004); The Remarkable Adventures of Portuguese Joe Silvey . Raincoast Chronicles Monograph no. 1 ( Madeira Park , B.C.: Harbour, spring 2004); Stanley Park Secrets: The Forgotten Families of Whoi Whoi, Kanaka Ranch, and Brockton Point ( Madeira Park : Harbour, Fall 2004). Jean has also given a number of important presentations around BC and the rest of the country, including “When is a metis not a metis? Dilemmas of Aboriginal mixed race in British Columbia,” at the Native-Newcomer Discussion Group, University of Saskatchewan, February 2004 and “Biographies in the Teaching of History,” invited presentation at “Presence of the Past”: A National Conference on Teaching, Learning and Communicating the History of Canada, sponsored by Association for Canadian Studies, Halifax, October 2003.
Mona Gleason and Jean Barman have published a second volume of Children, Teachers, and Schools in the History of British Columbia (Detselig Press, 2003). Mona presented her current work on the history of children's medical treatment in English Canada at Baltimore at the meeting of the Society of the History of Children and Youth. The paper was entitled “From ‘Disgraceful Carelessness' to ‘Intelligent Precaution': Accidents and the Public Child in English-Canada, 1900 to 1950.” She also gave a paper at a panel discussion entitled “Germs, Selves, Rules: The Gendered Body, State, and Colonialism in Western and Northern Canada ,” sponsored by the University of Manitoba 's Canadian Research Chair in Western Canadian Social History, University of Manitoba in November of 2003. Her paper was entitled “Small Bodies of Knowledge: Building the “Healthy” Child in 20 th Century Western Canada.” At the Baltimore Conference, Mona received the Society for the History of Children and Youth - Outstanding Article Award,2001-2002 , Awarded in 2003 for “Disciplining the Student Body: Schooling and the Construction of Canadian Children's Bodies, 1930 to 1960,” History of Education Quarterly 41, 2 (Spring 2001).
Nikki Strong-Boag , professor in the Departments of Educational Studies and Women's Studies at UBC, continues with her Senior Killam/SSHRC Research Fellowship on the history of adoption in English Canada. Along with Michelle Lynn Rosa, Nikki edited, annotated, and introduced new Broadview editions of Nellie L. Clung's Clearing in the West and The Stream Runs Fast . Nikki and Gillian Creese contributed a section entitled “Canada” to Women's Issues in North America and the Caribbean (Greenwood Publishing, 2003), edited by Cheryl Kalny, and part of the Women's Issues Worldwide Series (Lynn Walter, Series Editor). Over the course of the year, Nikki has presented her research on E. Pauline Johnson at a number of venues around the country. In honour of International Women's Day in March of 2003, she presented “Pauline Johnson and British Columbia ” at the Vancouver Museum . In October of 2003 she presented “E. Pauline Johnson and White Canada,” at the Women's Studies Lecture Series, at Memorial University of Newfoundland and in November, she offered “Never the Squaw: E. Pauline Johnson Challenges White Canada,” for the History and Women's Studies Seminar Series at the University of Alberta . Nikki was keynote speaker at the Presence of the Past: A National Conference on Teaching, Learning and Communication the History of Canada for the Association for Canadian Studies and Heritage Canada held in Halifax last October. Her address was entitled “Plural Identities, Plural Loyalties: Adoption and Citizenship in Canada .”
Myra Rutherdale continues her Canadian Research Chair Post Doctoral Fellowship In Native Newcomer Relations at the University of Saskatchewan . Her project focuses on the history and experiences of health care providers in northern communities between 1945 to 1970. Specifically, Myra is interested in "outpost" nursing and Aboriginal responses to community newcomers. In July, Myra will take up a tenure track position in the area of Twentieth Century Canadian history at York University – congratulations Myra !
The Women's Studies Department at Simon Fraser University is very pleased to have hired Lara Campbell , a Canadian historian of women. She will be joining the department in September 2004. Welcome Lara! The History Department at Simon Fraser University has hired Elise Chenier to teach Canadian women's and gender history, beginning September 2004. Welcome to Elise!
May 6-8th, 2004 , members of the Women's History Network of B.C. will be attending the B.C. Historical Federation's Conference in Nanaimo , B.C. See our book table & display & attend our Friday night (May 7th) film discussion session. Members will be viewing and discussing Christine Welsh's, "The Story of the Coast Salish Knitters", which uses archival footage and interviews with Cowichan, Penelakut and Tsartlip women to explore the history of their knitting enterprises. The film is based on research done by Sylvia Olsen for her University of Victoria master's degree, and Sylvia will be introducing the film. Last May, the WHN/BC, in collaboration with the BC Historical Federation conference, presented a short program on Saturday afternoon. It included a theatrical presentation by the Vancouver Island First Nations group, Kwam-Kwum Slunleni', lead by Melody Martin. It was based on her PhD dissertation, "Native Women's Studies: Dialoguing with Community, with Academia and with Feminism." Also giving a presentation was Kathleen Trayner who spoke on women and community museums in BC, based on her MA thesis, "Historical Origins and Collective Memory in British Columbia 's Community-based Museums,1925-1975." For conference details & registration, see the B.C. Historical Federation's website: http://www.bchistory.ca/conf.html
CAN-BC-HIST-WOMEN an e-mail list for anyone interested in the history &/or genealogy of women in British Columbia , Canada . To subscribe, go to:
http://lists.rootsweb.com/index/intl/CAN/CAN-BC-HIST-WOMEN.html
Recent titles of interest from UBC Press include:
Annalise E. Acorn, Compulsory Compassion: A Critique of Restorative Justice
Constance Backhouse and Nancy Backhouse, The Heiress vs the Establishment: Mrs Campbell's Campaign for Legal Justice
Catherine Bell and David Kahane, editors, Intercultural Dispute Resolution in Aboriginal Contexts
Erika Evasdottir, Obedient Autonomy: Chinese Intellectuals and the Achievement of Orderly Life
Eliza W.Y. Lee, Gender and Change in Hong Kong : Globalization,Postcolonialism, and Chinese Patriarchy
Mary-Louise McAllister, Governing Ourselves: The Politics of Canadian Community
Chris Manfredi, Feminist Activism in the Supreme Court: Legal Mobilization and the Women's Legal Education and Action Fund
Jean Bobby Noble, Masculinities Without Men? Female Masculinity in Twentieth-Century Fictions
Julie Rak, Negotiated Memory: Doukhobor Autobiographical Discourse
Martine Reid and Daisy Sewid-Smith, editors, Paddling to Where I Stand.Agnes Alfred, Qwiquwasut'inuxw Noblewoman
Patricia Roy, The Oriental Question: Consolidating a White Man's Province 1914-41
Janis Sarra, editor, Corporate Governance in Global Capital Markets
Many BC feminist scholars form part of the Friends of Women and Children of B.C collective which offers monthly “report cards” on the provincial Liberal govenment's policy implications for women and their families. Contributors include Lynne Marks, Veronica Strong-Boag, Mona Gleason, Gillian Creese, Jo-Anne Fiske, Allison Prentice, Becki Ross, Mary Lynn Stewart, Arlene McLaren and Pamela Moss. Report cards can be seen at the Centre for Women's Studies and Gender Relations website at the University of British Columbia . (www.wmst.ubc.ca)
Mona Gleason
University of British Columbia
mona.gleason@ubc.ca